Isimo esijwayelekile semboni yekheshi
Imboni yamakheshi eChina isithuthuke iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60.Ibhizinisi lamakheshi seliyizwe elikhulukazi elikhiqiza amakheshi kanye nezwe elikhulu elisetshenziswa amakheshi emhlabeni.Umthamo wonyaka wokukhiqiza wekheshi usufinyelele izigidi zamayunithi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-elevator kunobudlelwane obungenakuhlukaniswa nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wezwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yezindlu.Ngemuva kwezinguquko kanye nokuvulwa, ukukhiqizwa kwekheshi eShayina sekufinyelele ukukhula okuphindwe kayikhulu futhi ukuhlinzekwa sekufinyelele izikhathi ezingamashumi amahlanu.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzoba namakheshi angaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-540 ekukhiqizeni nasekukhangiseni ngo-2014, okufana ncamashi nowango-2013, futhi azoqhubeka nokuhola amazwe athuthuke kakhulu eYurophu nase-United States.
Njengamanje, nakuba amalayisense amaningi ebhizinisi abe ngesivinini esingu-7M/S noma ngaphezulu, amakheshi enziwe amaShayina ikakhulukazi amakheshi abagibeli anamamitha angu-5 ngomzuzwana, imininingwane ehlukahlukene yokuthwala amakheshi, amakheshi okubuka indawo angaphansi kwamamitha angu-2.5 ngomzuzwana, amakheshi asekhaya embhede wokugula. , izitebhisi ezizihambelayo, izindlela zokuhamba ezizenzakalelayo, namakheshi asekhaya e-villa, ikheshi elikhethekile nokunye.
Okokuqala, isimo jikelele kanye nesimo samanje sokuthuthukiswa kwekheshi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe
Selokhu kwazalwa ikheshi lokuqala emhlabeni sekuneminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu edlule, ilifti laseChina selineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 yomlando wokukhiqiza.
Njengamanje, amakheshi emhlabeni ikakhulukazi ayizimakethe ezingama-90% emhlabeni, eYurophu, eMelika naseChina.Imikhiqizo edumile phesheya ikakhulukazi American Otis, Swiss Schindler, German Thyssen Krupp, Finland Tongli, MITSUBISHI Japanese kanye Hitachi Japanese, njalonjalo.Lawa mabhizinisi anesabelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi imakethe esezingeni eliphezulu.Futhi ibihlala ingena emakethe yamakheshi esivinini esikhulu.
Ikheshi laseChina seliphenduke ikheshi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni ekhulwini lamashumi amabili nanye, kodwa ikheshi laseShayina belilokhu lihlinzeka ngemakethe yasekhaya esezingeni eliphansi.Njengamanje, kuwo wonke amakheshi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500, izinhlobo eziyisithupha zakwamanye amazwe eShayina zithengise ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa yemakethe yasekhaya, kanti ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa ekhaya ezingamakhulu amahlanu noma ayisithupha ezenziwe eShayina.Amabhizinisi ezitebhisi athatha ingxenye esele yemakethe, futhi ingxenye ilingana nenani eliphelele lokukhiqiza kanye nokuthengiswa kwebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe phakathi kwamabhizinisi asekhaya ayikhulu nemikhiqizo yangaphandle.
E-China, ngemuva kokufakwa kuhlu kwe-Kang Li elevator e-Shenzhen Stock Exchange, izinkampani ezine ezisohlwini zibaliwe.Ikheshi laseSuzhou Kang Li, ilifti laseSuzhou Jiangnan Jiajie, ilifti le-Shenyang bolt, isitoko sosuku sase-Guangzhou Guangzhou, kanti izinkampani ezisohlwini lwezingxenye zamakheshi ukuhlobisa komfula iYangtze, isikhathi esisha kanye nomshini we-Hui Chuan.Ugesi.
Izinkampani ezine ezisohlwini lwaseChina emakethe yekheshi yasekhaya, emakethe yekheshi yasekhaya, cishe 1/4, cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-150 zokukhiqiza nokuthengisa konyaka;amanye asondelene namabhizinisi ama-elevator angu-600 e-China (okuhlanganisa namagama ebhizinisi afana namabhizinisi akhiqiza ama-elevator angaphandle) abelana ngemakethe yesitebhisi sikagesi esele eyizigidi eziyi-10-15, isilinganiso sokuthengiswa konyaka okungu-200, esikhulu kunazo zonke Ivolumu yokuthengisa icishe ibe ngamayunithi ayi-15000, futhi Ivolumu encane yokuthengisa icishe ibe ngaphezu kwamayunithi angama-20 athengiswe ngo-2014.
Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, i-USA Otis, i-Swiss Schindler, i-German Thyssen Krupp, i-Finland Tongli, i-Japan MITSUBISHI ne-Japan Hitachi amabhrendi ayisithupha e-China okuthengiswa kwamayunithi ayizigidi ezingu-250 -30, ilifti le-Suzhou Kang Li, ilifti le-Suzhou Jiangnan Jiajie, ilifti le-Shenyang brintt, i-Guangzhou Guang amasheya osuku engqikithi yamayunithi ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150;amanye amabhizinisi ukuthengisa 10-1 50 ayizinkulungwane.
Esigabeni sawo wonke amakheshi e-China, ukuthengiswa kwamakheshi abagibeli kudla ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke, cishe u-70% wesamba esithengisiwe, cishe amayunithi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-380, kulandelwa ikheshi elithwalayo kanye nezitebhisi ezizihambelayo cishe ngama-20%, bese kuthi abanye abangu-10% babone indawo. amakheshi, amakheshi embhede wokugula kanye namakheshi ezindlu zangasese.
Okubili.Izici zobuchwepheshe be-elevator ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe
Njengamanje, izici zobuchwepheshe be-elevator emakethe yezinyusi zomhlaba zisekelwe ikakhulukazi kubuchwepheshe be-elevator yabagibeli.Ubuchwepheshe bezikheshi zabagibeli bulawula isabelo semakethe yesikheshi esisezingeni eliphezulu ngobungcweti bobuchwepheshe bezikheshi zejubane eliphezulu.Njengamanje, amakheshi aphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni angamamitha angama-28.5 ngomzuzwana, okulingana no-102 km ngehora, futhi isivinini esikhulu kunazo zonke samakheshi asekhaya njengamanje singu-7 m / isekhondi, elilingana no-25 km ngehora.
2.1.Ucwaningo olude kakhulu lobuchwepheshe be-elevator emhlabeni
Isikhathi eside kakhulu socwaningo lobuchwepheshe be-elevator emhlabeni ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha i-elevator kumabhilidi aphakeme kakhulu.Ucwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe lwaqala ngo-1970. Selufundwe iminyaka engu-45, futhi abacwaningi baseYurophu, eMelika naseJapane abazange benze noma yikuphi ukuphumelela okukhulu.
2.2 ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuka ngokushesha emhlabeni
Ukuthuthukiswa okushesha kakhulu kobuchwepheshe be-elevator yomhlaba wonke ubuchwepheshe bokuguqula imvamisa ye-VVVF elawulwa yi-microcomputer.Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwekhulu leminyaka lama-90s, cishe wonke amakheshi aqondile asebenzisa ukulawulwa kwe-microcomputer kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula imvamisa ye-VVVF.
2.3 amaphupho amaningi obuchwepheshe bekheshi
Ubuchwepheshe bekheshi obumangalisayo emhlabeni ikheshi elisuka emhlabeni liya esiteshini sasemkhathini kanye nobuchwepheshe bekheshi ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya enyangeni.
2.4 ikheshi okungenzeka kakhulu e-China eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo
Ubuchwepheshe be-lifti okungenzeka buthuthukiswe kakhulu e-China ikheshi lokugcina amandla okonga kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlinzeka ngogesi obungaphazanyiswa.Ikheshi lihambisana nohlelo lwesu lonyaka ka-2014-2020 loMkhandlu Wombuso lokuthuthukisa amandla.Ngemuva kokukhushulwa, ukonga amandla ekheshi kuzoba nomthelela ekongeni amandla okukhiqiza amandla e-Three Gorges (i-elevator ebanzi yokukhuthaza ukonga ugesi, ukonga amandla ngonyaka kuzoba eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva. ” Kufikela kumadigri ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-150).Esinye isici sobuchwepheshe umsebenzi we-elevator amandla angaphazamiseki angaxhunywa, futhi angaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokujwayelekile isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora elilodwa ngemva kokuphelelwa amandla.Lobu buchwepheshe benziwe ngamalungelo obunikazi amaningana avela kwa-Ningbo blue Fuji Elevator Co., Ltd., futhi sebuqalile ukusekela amabhizinisi athile okuphakamisa izikheshi e-Shanghai nase-Shanghai.
2.5 Ubuchwepheshe bezikheshi baseChina okungenzeka buzosetshenziswa emhlabeni eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo
Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, ukusetshenziswa okungenzeka kakhulu kobuchwepheshe be-lifti yaseShayina “ubuchwepheshe besistimu yokukhipha umlilo esezingeni eliphezulu”.Izakhiwo emhlabeni ziya ngokuya ziba zinde futhi zinde, iHarry Fatah Da, ibhilidi elide kunawo wonke eDubai.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-04-2019